Knife for hoop-shaving machines



3 Shts-Sheb 1. J. PRINCE.

KNIFE FOR HOOP SHAVING MACHINES.

(No Model.)

Patented Jul WFTNEEEEE- X66 3 Sheets-Sheet 2;

(No Model.)

PRINCE.

KNIFE FOR HOOP SHAVING MACHINES.

Patented July 28, 1885.

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\A/ITNEEEEE N4 Prrzns. Photo-Lithographer, Walhinglorl. cu;

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.. J. PRINCE.

KNIFE FOR HOOP SHAVING MACHINES.

Patented July 28,1885.

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INVENTEIR i if v I I... g Q q JOHNPRINGE, or wnsr RANDOLPH, VERMONT.

KNIFE FOR HOOP-SHAVING MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION "forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,966, dated July 28, 1885.

v Application filed March 30, 1885. (No model.)

To all whom it 11mg concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN PRINCE, of West Randolph, in the county of Orange and State of Vermont, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Knives for Hoop-Shaving Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates more particularly to the knives used in hoop-shaving machines of the class shown and described in Letters Patent No. 274,029, granted to me March 13, 1883, and

so in a specification for Letters Patent for an .niproved hoop-shaving machine, of even date herewith. A plane or chiseled edge knifesuch as is in use for the purpose of shaving hoops-has the fault that it very often cuts the hoop in two while the hoop is being shaved. The object of my invention is to overcome this objection in the ordinary knife, and, in addition, to provide a knife that will give the required plane convex cross section to the hoop-that is, to form the hoop with a rounded outer surfaceand to provide suitable springs for guiding the hoop as it is drawn between the knives for shaving; also to produce a cutting blade that can be attached to the knifeirame, so as to be easily removed for sharpening without disturbing the position of the knife-frame after it is once properly adjusted and attached to-the knifeplate.

My improved hoop-shaving knife is provided with a cutting-edge which has a double bevel on opposite faces of the blade, and also has either a straight cutting-edge or a concave cutting edge, as hereinafter described and claimed. The principal bevel, similar to that of a chisel, is, when the knives are in position for work, on the outer side of the blade. 0n the inner side of the cutting-face is also a slight bevel. I have found that a knife made with this double bevel-edge, when properly positioned, as shown, will shave even crooked and knotted hoops without cutting or shearing them in two and thus spoiling the hoop.

In my improved hoop-shaving machine I use a pair of knives in shaving a hoop which can both have a straight cutting edge, or one can have a straight cutting-edge and the other a concave cutting-edge, according as it is desired to form the hoop with both surfaces flat or to form the hoop with a flat inner surface and a rounded outer surface. WVhile I only use the knives herein described in my improved hoop-shaving machine, they may be used in other machines working upon a similar principle.

Reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the knife-holding plate, which is attached to either end of my improved hoop-shaving machine. Fig. 2 is a plan view of one end of my improved hoopshaving machine, showing the knives and hoop-guiding springs with a hoop-blank in the operation of being shaved. Fig. 3 is a crosssection on the line :20 ac of Fig. 1, showing how the knife-plates are hinged together and positioned by means of a screw and slotted bar. Fig. 4 is aperspective view showing one knife-plate and the relative position of the knives and hoop-guidingsprings. Fig. 5 is a perspective View of my improved knife, showing a knife-plate so secured to its holder in corresponding dovetail grooves in the holder that the blades can be easily removed. Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the particular style or shape of the hoop which I preferably manufacture. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of my improved knife made in one integral piece, without the removable blade, having, however, the double bevel 011 opposite faces of the blade and a concave cutting-edge. Fig.

8 is a perspective view of my improved knife,

made in one integral piece without the removable blade, having, however, the double bevel on opposite faces of the blade and a straight cutting-edge. Fig. 9 is apartial longitudinal sectional View of the knives, the blade of the knife being shown in section, also showing the peculiar double bevel of the out ting-edges and the position ofthe kniveswhcn set for work.

B is one of the parallel beams which forms the frame of my hoop-shaving machine, to which are attached the knife-plates T and T. The knives g h are attached to the knife-plates by the screws t and are accurately positioned by the screws h g. The hoop-guide springs Q Q are attached to the knife'bearing plates by the clamps q q.

In Fig. 2 a hoop-blank, H, is shown in the act of being shaved. The screw is used to adjust the pressure of the spring Q. The knife-plates T T, hinged together at their lower end by the bolt t, I tie together by means of a slotted bar, (1. I regulate the contiguity of the edges of the knives by adjusting the position of the knife-plates by means of the slotted bar d and the screw 1', turning the screw r to the right, havingt-he effect of bring ing the knife-plates nearer together. The wedge J in its passage in and out of the slotted bar (Z, operated by the action of the reciprocating carriage of the machine on the projection 9, opens and closes the blades to which the knives are attached.

G is the knife-operating bar, which has wedges J at each end. The knives can be made either in one integral piece, as shown, or with a removable blade, as shown in Fig. 5, where the blade h is secured to the holder 9 by means of the dovetail grooves and the screw h; or the dovetail grooves might taper slightly toward the back so that the pressure of the work would hold and force the blades firmly into place.

The double bevel of the blades and the curved cutting edge spoken of is clearly shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, where a represents the slight bevel on the inner face of the knife, and I) the ordinary bevel on the outside of the knife, and c the concave cutting-edge. The long bevel bis the usual one employed in chisels and planing-irons, while the short bevel a is merely the cutting off of a little of the edge on the cutting-face.

The two knives in Figs. 7 and 8 are precisely similar, except in one the cutting-edge is concave to form the hoop with a rounded outer surface. I find the best results are produced when one of the knives is set a trifle ir'f advance of the other, and I preferably position the concave-edged knife a little in advance of the straight-edged knife, say threeeighths of an inch. This arrangement causes the hoop to have a tendency to a diagonal position or twist, so that not only the tension on the hoop is increased, but the knives come together in proper shape and produce better work. The knives are attached to the knifeplates by the screws 25', or by any suitable means, at an acute angleto each other in about the relative position shown in Fig. 9.

The cross-section of a hoop shown in Fig. 6 is the shape of the hoop which I preferably manufacture, which not only has a rounded outer surface, but is slightly thicker at one edge than at the other. To produce this peculiar shape, I not only use a pair of knives where one of the knives has a curved cuttingedge, but I set the knives a little askew, or out of perpendicular, so that one edge of the hoop may be cut thicker than the other. This difference in the thickness of the edges of the hoop enables the hoop to fit the cask more accurately.

The special fault of the knives used in hoopshaving machines heretofore has been that when they come in contact with a crooked or knotted place in a hoop-blank the hoop would be cut in two and ruined, as the tendency of the hoop-blank in its advance was to slide ontirely onto one of the cutting-edges of the knives.

I have found that the slight bevel a on the inside of the knife-edge causes the knife to follow the grain of the wood of the hoop-blank and not to enter into it and cut it off. I also find that the bevel a not only causes the cuttingedge of the knife to be presented at just the right angle to the hoop-blank, but that it has a tendency to position the hoop-blank in the very act of shaving it. In other words, the bevel a causes the cutting-edge of the blade to come in contact with the hoop-blank at just the right angle to shave the blank and not have any tendency to cut it off.

The hoop-blanks out of which hoops are made are often'obtained by splitting a small round growth of wood with the bark thereon into hemi or quarter spheres, which are worked up into hoops by making one side flat and leaving the other side in its rounded condi tion, simply smoothing it. For blanks of this kind I have invented the guide-spring shown in Fig. 4. These knives are presented to the SlJELVIHgIJJQClJIHG so that the bark or rounded side comes in contact with the spring QZwhich has a circulargrippingend next to the knives, and the heart side is firmly gripped by Q, which has a triangular gripping end next to the knives. It is of great importance that the blanks be firmly held and continuously guided while they are being held, as not only is the result produced better, but also the quantity of work produced is largely increased.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent l. A shaving-knife having a curved cutting-edge, c, and double bevel a Z) upon the opposite faces of its blade, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination of two shax'ingknives provided with double bevel edges arranged to act on opposite sides of the material to be shaved, substantially as described.

3. A shavingknife, in combination with its knife-holding plate, the said knife-holding plate being provided with a screw whereby the angle of inclination of the knife with the knife-holding plate is adjusted, substantially as described.

4. The guidespring Q having a circular gripping end, arranged to act in conjunction IOC with the guide-spring Q, having a triangular gripping end, in combination with the knifeplates T T, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN PRINCE. W'itnesses:

WM. 13.. H. Dowsn, ALBERT W. SPEAR. 

